Recent developments in the Middle East conflict show increasingly complex dynamics, with many interacting factors. One of the main issues is the tension between Iran and Israel, which is getting hotter with every attack and retaliation. Israel continues to target Iranian facilities in Syria, arguing that Iran is seeking to strengthen its presence in the region. Recent Israeli airstrikes succeeded in destroying several military installations suspected of being used to supply weapons to armed groups such as Hezbolla in Lebanon. On the other hand, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict remains at the center of attention. Protests and clashes often occur in the Gaza Strip and West Bank. The increasing number of Israeli settlers in disputed areas, coupled with increasingly harsh Israeli government policies, has sparked anger among Palestinians. The Palestinian authorities submitted a complaint to the international community to pressure Israel to stop settlement expansion. The Abraham Accords, signed by Israel, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, created new hopes for the normalization of relations in the region. However, its impact on the Palestinian conflict is doubtful. Most of the Arab region remains solidly supportive of Palestinian rights, although some Arab countries have improved diplomatic relations with Israel. In Iraq, the role of militia groups affiliated with Iran is increasingly strengthening. The Iraqi government has had difficulty controlling this force, which has frequently engaged in acts of violence against foreign forces, as seen in attacks on military bases hosting US troops. This instability provides space for the ISIS terrorist group to revitalize itself, even though it is still relatively hard pressed. Yemen also remains caught in a long-running conflict between Iran-backed Houthi rebels and the internationally recognized government, backed by Saudi Arabia. The involvement of foreign parties and proxies, as well as ceasefire violations, have made a peace agreement difficult to achieve. As a result, the humanitarian crisis has worsened, with millions of people suffering from hunger and disease. This is different with Türkiye, which is increasingly involved in regional tensions as the dominant military power. The presence of Turkish troops in Syria and ambitions to establish a safe zone along the Turkish-Syrian border aims to stabilize the region, despite fueling tensions with Kurdish forces operating there. Apart from that, economic developments in Middle Eastern countries also contributed to the conflict. Resource tensions, including water and oil, have further worsened relations between countries in the region. Enriching the economy and maintaining growth is a challenge amidst prolonged political turmoil. Overall, the Middle East conflict continues to undergo complex changes. High tensions between various actors make diplomatic efforts very difficult. Without an inclusive and comprehensive solution, the situation in the Middle East will continue to be an arena for conflict that is difficult to predict.
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